2008年2月21日星期四
Airborne wind turbine
An airborne wind turbine is a design concept for a wind turbine that is supported in the air without a tower. A tether would be used to transmit energy to the ground. These systems would have the advantage of tapping an almost constant wind and doing so without a set of slip rings or yaw mechanism, without the expense of tower construction. The main disadvantage is that kites and 'helicopters' come down when there is insufficient wind. Also, bad weather conditions, such as lightning and/or thunderstorms, could temporarily suspend use of the machines, probably requiring them to be brought back down to the ground and covered. These schemes require a long power cable and, if the turbine is high enough, an aircraft exclusion zone. As of 2006, no commercial airborne wind turbines are in regular operation.wind generators
2008年2月5日星期二
Wind power investors plan to quit Inner Mongolia market
Over the past two years there has been wind power investment fever in North China¡¯s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, but sources familiar with the matter revealed that many wind power investors are now fleeing the area.
Figures show that more than one hundred companies from home and abroad showed investment interest, and about 50 companies signed cooperation agreements, however, only ten have started construction.
Sources said the companies planning to leave included Farsighted Group, a clean energy investment company, and Switzerland¡¯s Adxiam. Some enterprises are adopting a wait-and-see attitude while finishing primary work.
Why the change in investor¡¯s attitudes?
Figures show that more than one hundred companies from home and abroad showed investment interest, and about 50 companies signed cooperation agreements, however, only ten have started construction.
Sources said the companies planning to leave included Farsighted Group, a clean energy investment company, and Switzerland¡¯s Adxiam. Some enterprises are adopting a wait-and-see attitude while finishing primary work.
Why the change in investor¡¯s attitudes?
2008年1月27日星期日
Japan opens its ears to the power of the wind
Overlooking a mountain lake in Koriyama, a few hours drive from Tokyo, dozens of tall wind turbines spin in the breeze creating carbon-free power for the world¡¯s fifth-biggest emitter of greenhouse gases. A sudden change in breeze spins the turbines in an opposite direction, an apt symbol of Japan¡¯s efforts to shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy such as wind power to help cut its greenhouse gas emissions under the Kyoto Protocol.
Wind farms such as the Nunobiki Plateau Wind Farm on a hill north of Tokyo, which generates enough electricity to power about 35,000 homes a year, have failed to make a dent in Japan¡¯s obligations to cut carbon emissions under the Kyoto Protocol. But Japan is now looking towards the sea, following in the footsteps of Europe, the world¡¯s leader in wind energy, by planning a network of offshore wind farms to tap into the gales of the Pacific Ocean.
"It¡¯s worthwhile entering the sector now because offshore technology is at the cutting-edge," says Mitsutoshi Yamashita, a Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry official in charge of promoting wind power. "Once we obtain the technology needed, the KW are limitless."
Japan hopes wind power would provide about 0.2 percent of the country¡¯s primary energy supply by March 2011. That figure might rise dramatically if major electric companies follow through with plans to build offshore wind farms near coastal power stations.
The northern Japanese town of Setana in Hokkaido, home to the first offshore wind-for-power system outside Europe, has since 2003 been harnessing the sea breeze with two 600-kW turbines inside a breakwater less than a kilometer off the coast. That¡¯s enough to power 1,00 average-sized houses a year.
"Maintenance is tough," says Shinya Ono, a town official, explaining that the waves are sometimes too high to reach the turbines by boat.
Offshore wind energy is double in power to that harnessed on land, but the power it generates is unpredictable when compared with conventional thermal electricity generation. Nevertheless, sea breeze is seen as more reliable than solar power, and wind turbines require less space and lower investment than nuclear and solar plants.
"There¡¯s a good wind year and a bad wind year, and when added up so far, it just breaks even," Ono says. The Japanese government subsidized construction costs, including turbines the town bought from Denmark¡¯s Vestas.
In Europe it costs about 50 to 100 percent more to build offshore wind farms compared to the ones on land. In Japan, it could cost even more because the country is surrounded by deeper seas.
Japan is set to begin studying the feasibility of offshore wind energy this year. One option may be to follow the example of Scotland, which installed offshore turbines in deep water in 2006. As part of the study, the government is expected to install an offshore wind turbine to determine best engineering practices for the widespread use of the technology. The domestic industry is expected to make a push toward offshore wind turbines by 2012.
Toru Nakao, an engineering consultant with E&E Solutions Inc, a unit of a Japanese non-ferrous smelter Dowa Holdings Co, believes Japan could exploit locations several kilometers off its coastline in the not too distant future. "It¡¯s challenging for us to catch up," he says.
Japan is the world¡¯s third largest consumer of oil, and it is facing increasing pressure to raise its supply of energy from non-polluting sources and reduce its dependence on oil, coal and natural gas, almost all of which are imported from abroad.
Its greenhouse gas emission from April 2006 to March 2007 was still 13 percent above the average level it must meet every year over the next five years under the Kyoto Protocol. But Japan¡¯s per capita emission is among the lowest in the developed world, making it all the more difficult to make further cuts.
Fossil fuels provide two-thirds of Japan¡¯s electricity needs, with other sources such as nuclear and hydropower making up most of the difference. Renewable energy sources¡¯ contribution to Japan¡¯s electricity needs, however, is almost negligible. Under the law, electric power companies must more than double their use of renewable energy sources - wind, solar, small-sized hydro plants, terrestrial heat and biomass - to 1.35 percent of Japan¡¯s total electricity supply by March 2011.
The 1.35 percent target is modest, compared with a 3.3 percent share for wind power in Europe already. Some analysts say this target may has to be raised if Japan is to meet its Kyoto goals.
Another option would be to generate more nuclear power, which already serves a quarter of Japan¡¯s needs. But a string of safety scandals has eroded public confidence in nuclear power, and construction of new plants would take many years.
Helped by government subsidies since the late 1990s, there are more than 1,300 land-based wind turbines in Japan. They are run by regional governments and companies such as Eurus Energy Holdings Co, Electric Power Development Co and Japan Wind Development Co. Their wind farms are scattered mainly across rugged areas in the far north and south of the island chain, far from major users.
Summer typhoons, violent lightning in winter, and a country split between two power systems and regional power grids add to the challenges of harnessing wind power. Yet despite the difficulties, Yoshinori Ueda, a strategic planning manager at Mitsubishi Heavy Industries¡¯ power systems headquarters, says wind power will have to play an increasing part in Japanese energy generation.
Mitsubishi, Japan¡¯s top wind power turbine maker, is trying to catch up with its European rivals with plans to develop sea-based wind turbines in waters near existing power plants, Ueda says.
Separately, Tokyo Electric Power Co, Japan¡¯s biggest electric power company, together with the University of Tokyo is looking into the possibility of a large-scale floating wind farm. To adhere to government regulations, Tokyo Electric buys electricity from wind farms.
But some analysts say big power companies may soon set up their own wind farms at offshore locations near major industrial ports, where a grid network with existing power plants is available.
Back on land, environmental concerns have slowed down efforts to expand power-generating capacity. A plan to set up 16 huge turbines on the slope near the top of Mount Neko, 160 km northwest of Tokyo, has been stuck in the planning stages since 2004. It faces a barrage of complaints from critics worried that construction will contaminate water sources, cause debris flows like the one that caused a fatal disaster at a downstream village in 1981 and threaten native eagles, butterflies and the Japanese serow, a species of goat-antelope.
"Wind is a gift. It¡¯s free of charge. So people tend to assume it¡¯s an easy business," says Teruyoshi Kimura, 59, former engineer who owns an inn at the foot of Mount Neko.
What people don¡¯t realize is harnessing wind to produce enough power to fulfill our needs would still take some time.
Wind farms such as the Nunobiki Plateau Wind Farm on a hill north of Tokyo, which generates enough electricity to power about 35,000 homes a year, have failed to make a dent in Japan¡¯s obligations to cut carbon emissions under the Kyoto Protocol. But Japan is now looking towards the sea, following in the footsteps of Europe, the world¡¯s leader in wind energy, by planning a network of offshore wind farms to tap into the gales of the Pacific Ocean.
"It¡¯s worthwhile entering the sector now because offshore technology is at the cutting-edge," says Mitsutoshi Yamashita, a Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry official in charge of promoting wind power. "Once we obtain the technology needed, the KW are limitless."
Japan hopes wind power would provide about 0.2 percent of the country¡¯s primary energy supply by March 2011. That figure might rise dramatically if major electric companies follow through with plans to build offshore wind farms near coastal power stations.
The northern Japanese town of Setana in Hokkaido, home to the first offshore wind-for-power system outside Europe, has since 2003 been harnessing the sea breeze with two 600-kW turbines inside a breakwater less than a kilometer off the coast. That¡¯s enough to power 1,00 average-sized houses a year.
"Maintenance is tough," says Shinya Ono, a town official, explaining that the waves are sometimes too high to reach the turbines by boat.
Offshore wind energy is double in power to that harnessed on land, but the power it generates is unpredictable when compared with conventional thermal electricity generation. Nevertheless, sea breeze is seen as more reliable than solar power, and wind turbines require less space and lower investment than nuclear and solar plants.
"There¡¯s a good wind year and a bad wind year, and when added up so far, it just breaks even," Ono says. The Japanese government subsidized construction costs, including turbines the town bought from Denmark¡¯s Vestas.
In Europe it costs about 50 to 100 percent more to build offshore wind farms compared to the ones on land. In Japan, it could cost even more because the country is surrounded by deeper seas.
Japan is set to begin studying the feasibility of offshore wind energy this year. One option may be to follow the example of Scotland, which installed offshore turbines in deep water in 2006. As part of the study, the government is expected to install an offshore wind turbine to determine best engineering practices for the widespread use of the technology. The domestic industry is expected to make a push toward offshore wind turbines by 2012.
Toru Nakao, an engineering consultant with E&E Solutions Inc, a unit of a Japanese non-ferrous smelter Dowa Holdings Co, believes Japan could exploit locations several kilometers off its coastline in the not too distant future. "It¡¯s challenging for us to catch up," he says.
Japan is the world¡¯s third largest consumer of oil, and it is facing increasing pressure to raise its supply of energy from non-polluting sources and reduce its dependence on oil, coal and natural gas, almost all of which are imported from abroad.
Its greenhouse gas emission from April 2006 to March 2007 was still 13 percent above the average level it must meet every year over the next five years under the Kyoto Protocol. But Japan¡¯s per capita emission is among the lowest in the developed world, making it all the more difficult to make further cuts.
Fossil fuels provide two-thirds of Japan¡¯s electricity needs, with other sources such as nuclear and hydropower making up most of the difference. Renewable energy sources¡¯ contribution to Japan¡¯s electricity needs, however, is almost negligible. Under the law, electric power companies must more than double their use of renewable energy sources - wind, solar, small-sized hydro plants, terrestrial heat and biomass - to 1.35 percent of Japan¡¯s total electricity supply by March 2011.
The 1.35 percent target is modest, compared with a 3.3 percent share for wind power in Europe already. Some analysts say this target may has to be raised if Japan is to meet its Kyoto goals.
Another option would be to generate more nuclear power, which already serves a quarter of Japan¡¯s needs. But a string of safety scandals has eroded public confidence in nuclear power, and construction of new plants would take many years.
Helped by government subsidies since the late 1990s, there are more than 1,300 land-based wind turbines in Japan. They are run by regional governments and companies such as Eurus Energy Holdings Co, Electric Power Development Co and Japan Wind Development Co. Their wind farms are scattered mainly across rugged areas in the far north and south of the island chain, far from major users.
Summer typhoons, violent lightning in winter, and a country split between two power systems and regional power grids add to the challenges of harnessing wind power. Yet despite the difficulties, Yoshinori Ueda, a strategic planning manager at Mitsubishi Heavy Industries¡¯ power systems headquarters, says wind power will have to play an increasing part in Japanese energy generation.
Mitsubishi, Japan¡¯s top wind power turbine maker, is trying to catch up with its European rivals with plans to develop sea-based wind turbines in waters near existing power plants, Ueda says.
Separately, Tokyo Electric Power Co, Japan¡¯s biggest electric power company, together with the University of Tokyo is looking into the possibility of a large-scale floating wind farm. To adhere to government regulations, Tokyo Electric buys electricity from wind farms.
But some analysts say big power companies may soon set up their own wind farms at offshore locations near major industrial ports, where a grid network with existing power plants is available.
Back on land, environmental concerns have slowed down efforts to expand power-generating capacity. A plan to set up 16 huge turbines on the slope near the top of Mount Neko, 160 km northwest of Tokyo, has been stuck in the planning stages since 2004. It faces a barrage of complaints from critics worried that construction will contaminate water sources, cause debris flows like the one that caused a fatal disaster at a downstream village in 1981 and threaten native eagles, butterflies and the Japanese serow, a species of goat-antelope.
"Wind is a gift. It¡¯s free of charge. So people tend to assume it¡¯s an easy business," says Teruyoshi Kimura, 59, former engineer who owns an inn at the foot of Mount Neko.
What people don¡¯t realize is harnessing wind to produce enough power to fulfill our needs would still take some time.
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2008年1月19日星期六
China's largest wind power plant
China has begun building the nation¡¯s biggest wind power plant that will generate enough electricity for 400,000 homes, state press reported.
A unit of Shenhua Group, the country¡¯s biggest coal producer, will build the 200 megawatt plant at a cost of 1.7 billion yuan (US$210 million) in the eastern coastal province of Jiangsu, the Shanghai Daily reported.
The plant in Dongtai city, north of Shanghai, will produce enough electricity for 400,000 homes, it said.
Shenhua subsidiary Guohua Energy Investment Corp said it planned to expand the capacity at its Dongtai plant to 1,000 megawatts over the next 10 to 15 years, the paper reported.
China, which currently relies on heavily polluting coal for around 70 percent of its power needs, is trying to diversify its energy mix.
China is intending to increase its wind power capacity from the current level of 1,260 megawatts to 5,000 megawatts by 2010, according to the China Electricity Council.
But the 760 megawatts of installed wind power from 43 wind farms at the end of 2004 was less than one percent of the total national electricity production, previous government figures showed.
According to previously announced Chinese studies, the nation has the potential to tap over one million megawatts of wind power resources, of which 250,000 megawatts are land based and the rest offshore.wind generator,wind turbine
A unit of Shenhua Group, the country¡¯s biggest coal producer, will build the 200 megawatt plant at a cost of 1.7 billion yuan (US$210 million) in the eastern coastal province of Jiangsu, the Shanghai Daily reported.
The plant in Dongtai city, north of Shanghai, will produce enough electricity for 400,000 homes, it said.
Shenhua subsidiary Guohua Energy Investment Corp said it planned to expand the capacity at its Dongtai plant to 1,000 megawatts over the next 10 to 15 years, the paper reported.
China, which currently relies on heavily polluting coal for around 70 percent of its power needs, is trying to diversify its energy mix.
China is intending to increase its wind power capacity from the current level of 1,260 megawatts to 5,000 megawatts by 2010, according to the China Electricity Council.
But the 760 megawatts of installed wind power from 43 wind farms at the end of 2004 was less than one percent of the total national electricity production, previous government figures showed.
According to previously announced Chinese studies, the nation has the potential to tap over one million megawatts of wind power resources, of which 250,000 megawatts are land based and the rest offshore.wind generator,wind turbine
2008年1月9日星期三
Wind power generates better lives
Bulungkol, Xinjiang: The village was as quiet as a museum.
Bordering Tajikistan at an altitude of 3,800 metres, many of its homes were empty while residents went herding in the mountains.
The whirring of two white windmills in the wind broke the tranquillity.
Part of the village¡¯s wind-solar-diesel hybrid power system, they have been generating electricity for the past five years.
The Kirgiz people of Bulungkol have been herding sheep and cows for generations. Their only source of light at night used to be candles.
The remote location, about 130 kilometres southwest of Kashi in central Xinjiang, made it difficult for the provincial electrical power grid to reach residents.
But their lives changed in 2002 with the launch of the power system. Scattered across five places in Bulungkol County, it cost 6.56 million yuan (US$820,000), and was paid by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The facility, bringing electricity for lights and small domestic appliances, made life much easier.
Abudulamuti, 16, can now do his homework and watch TV after sunset.
"It was one of my happiest moments," Abudulamuti, speaking the Kirgiz dialect to reporters through an interpreter, said of the day when the lights went on and his 35-centimetre television screen began to show images.
"We were so excited," said Abudulamuti, wearing a worn-out baseball cap and a blue jacket. "My three brothers and I stayed up till midnight watching TV. It was fun."
Five years ago, television and lights were just pictures in textbooks. His teachers said he could watch TV if he could travel to Kashi.wind generator,wind turbine
Now, his television, which his father, a livestock dealer, bought for 560 yuan (US$70), can receive two channels broadcasting Uygur-speaking programmes.
Abudulamuti said soon they will be able to receive eight TV channels and four radio stations, including programmes in Mandarin.water filter,water filters ,wind generator,wind turbine,wind turbines,wind energy,wind generators
Bordering Tajikistan at an altitude of 3,800 metres, many of its homes were empty while residents went herding in the mountains.
The whirring of two white windmills in the wind broke the tranquillity.
Part of the village¡¯s wind-solar-diesel hybrid power system, they have been generating electricity for the past five years.
The Kirgiz people of Bulungkol have been herding sheep and cows for generations. Their only source of light at night used to be candles.
The remote location, about 130 kilometres southwest of Kashi in central Xinjiang, made it difficult for the provincial electrical power grid to reach residents.
But their lives changed in 2002 with the launch of the power system. Scattered across five places in Bulungkol County, it cost 6.56 million yuan (US$820,000), and was paid by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The facility, bringing electricity for lights and small domestic appliances, made life much easier.
Abudulamuti, 16, can now do his homework and watch TV after sunset.
"It was one of my happiest moments," Abudulamuti, speaking the Kirgiz dialect to reporters through an interpreter, said of the day when the lights went on and his 35-centimetre television screen began to show images.
"We were so excited," said Abudulamuti, wearing a worn-out baseball cap and a blue jacket. "My three brothers and I stayed up till midnight watching TV. It was fun."
Five years ago, television and lights were just pictures in textbooks. His teachers said he could watch TV if he could travel to Kashi.wind generator,wind turbine
Now, his television, which his father, a livestock dealer, bought for 560 yuan (US$70), can receive two channels broadcasting Uygur-speaking programmes.
Abudulamuti said soon they will be able to receive eight TV channels and four radio stations, including programmes in Mandarin.water filter,water filters ,wind generator,wind turbine,wind turbines,wind energy,wind generators
2007年12月30日星期日
wind generator Model:H6.4-5000W
The Model: H6.4-5000W use Streamlined three-bladed glass fiber reinforced blades which have the advantages of great intensity, fatigue resistance and high efficiency. The Hummer-patented generator characterizes its high efficiency and good low-speed-performance. The speed regulating system adjusts automatically to wind speed. Controlling, inverting and discharging are integrated. It incorporates a new electronics based technology that results in increased performance, improved battery charging capability, greater reliability and the reduction of buzzing noise from the machine. Unlike many of our competitors, the controller includes a diversion load to ensure quiet safe operation of your wind turbine when the batteries are charged. It’s designed to provide quiet, clean electricity in very low winds. This makes Model:H6.4-5000W ideal for residential homes and small businesses.
Maintenance-free, easy installation, and high output make Model: H6.4-5000W ideal for virtually any remote battery charging application. Installations range from China to Europe.
The Model: H6.4-5000W is designed for even the novice. The Model: H6.4-5000W can be installed in just a few hours with no welding, no concrete or cranes. Our engineers designed the work out of installing wind turbines. Now wind is as easy to use.
Combining wind and solar in hybrid systems are quickly becoming the standard in renewable energy field. This is due to seasonal fluctuations of both wind and solar energy resources that make it an ideal combination.
Our generator has the features of extreme small structure, low wind start, low rated wind speed, quick output in low wind, wide wind speed ranges, reliable speed restriction, and stable quiet running, Etc.
Light:
Hummer windpower Model H6.4-5000W Genertor weighs only 100kg (including blades, hub and nose cone).
Small:
small in size.,low energy consumption, low noisy, low rated wind speed(10m/s,22.4mph for 5000W)
Swift:
Swift Start-up: Hummer Small-sized ,With wind speed at 3.0m/s, 6.7mph
Swift rotating, 1.5 to 3 times faster than other types of generators
Swift Charging
Stable:
Strong in structure,blades adopt end joint and can fly stably.
Safe protection for overcharging, overdischarging, short circuit, overloading, over heating, etc.
WHERE AND HOW H6.4-5000W USED
The H6.4-5000W is an ideal product for the person that needs power for basic appliances such as TV, radio and lights.
Common applications for the H6.4-5000W
Remote Homes and Huts
Utility Connected Homes
Telecommunications
The Developing World
Monitoring Stations
Water Pumping
To order this product, please see our dealer locator.
Main technical date :
1.Rotor blade diameter : 6.4m
2.Numbers of blade : 3
3.Start up wind speed : 3.0m/s, 6.7mph
4.Rated wind speed : 10.0m/s,22.4mph
5.Rated output power : 5000W
6.Maxim output 7500W
7.Output Voltage : AC 220V DC 240V-280V
8.Pole height : 12m
9.Generator Weight:100kg
10.Pole diameter:273mm
11.Temperature of working surrounding : 45
From :wind generator
Maintenance-free, easy installation, and high output make Model: H6.4-5000W ideal for virtually any remote battery charging application. Installations range from China to Europe.
The Model: H6.4-5000W is designed for even the novice. The Model: H6.4-5000W can be installed in just a few hours with no welding, no concrete or cranes. Our engineers designed the work out of installing wind turbines. Now wind is as easy to use.
Combining wind and solar in hybrid systems are quickly becoming the standard in renewable energy field. This is due to seasonal fluctuations of both wind and solar energy resources that make it an ideal combination.
Our generator has the features of extreme small structure, low wind start, low rated wind speed, quick output in low wind, wide wind speed ranges, reliable speed restriction, and stable quiet running, Etc.
Light:
Hummer windpower Model H6.4-5000W Genertor weighs only 100kg (including blades, hub and nose cone).
Small:
small in size.,low energy consumption, low noisy, low rated wind speed(10m/s,22.4mph for 5000W)
Swift:
Swift Start-up: Hummer Small-sized ,With wind speed at 3.0m/s, 6.7mph
Swift rotating, 1.5 to 3 times faster than other types of generators
Swift Charging
Stable:
Strong in structure,blades adopt end joint and can fly stably.
Safe protection for overcharging, overdischarging, short circuit, overloading, over heating, etc.
WHERE AND HOW H6.4-5000W USED
The H6.4-5000W is an ideal product for the person that needs power for basic appliances such as TV, radio and lights.
Common applications for the H6.4-5000W
Remote Homes and Huts
Utility Connected Homes
Telecommunications
The Developing World
Monitoring Stations
Water Pumping
To order this product, please see our dealer locator.
Main technical date :
1.Rotor blade diameter : 6.4m
2.Numbers of blade : 3
3.Start up wind speed : 3.0m/s, 6.7mph
4.Rated wind speed : 10.0m/s,22.4mph
5.Rated output power : 5000W
6.Maxim output 7500W
7.Output Voltage : AC 220V DC 240V-280V
8.Pole height : 12m
9.Generator Weight:100kg
10.Pole diameter:273mm
11.Temperature of working surrounding : 45
From :wind generator
2007年12月24日星期一
Taking the wind out of beans - new fermentation method could reduce flatulence
The flatulent side-effects of eating beans could soon be reduced by naturally fermenting the beans, according to results to be published in the July issue of the SCI¡¯s Journal of the Science of Food & Agriculture, now available online.
Flatulence is known to be caused when bacteria in the gut break down alpha galactosides and soluble dietary fibre, producing gases as a by-product. Untreated beans contain high levels of these compounds.
Many people are put off eating beans because they worry that it will give them wind, but now researchers from the Food Analysis Laboratory, Caracas, Venezuela have found a natural method that they say "will reduce the concentration of the compounds in beans that cause flatulence."
The team of scientists lead by M Granito found that when beans are naturally fermented for 48 hours all the soluble fibre is removed. The concentration of alpha galactosides was reduced by 72% after 48 hours and 95% after 96 hours, virtually eliminating all the flatulence causing compounds.
According to M Granito, "natural fermentation also has positive effects on protein digestibility, texture and aroma, making it a very favourable method to use。wind generators,wind turbines
Flatulence is known to be caused when bacteria in the gut break down alpha galactosides and soluble dietary fibre, producing gases as a by-product. Untreated beans contain high levels of these compounds.
Many people are put off eating beans because they worry that it will give them wind, but now researchers from the Food Analysis Laboratory, Caracas, Venezuela have found a natural method that they say "will reduce the concentration of the compounds in beans that cause flatulence."
The team of scientists lead by M Granito found that when beans are naturally fermented for 48 hours all the soluble fibre is removed. The concentration of alpha galactosides was reduced by 72% after 48 hours and 95% after 96 hours, virtually eliminating all the flatulence causing compounds.
According to M Granito, "natural fermentation also has positive effects on protein digestibility, texture and aroma, making it a very favourable method to use。wind generators,wind turbines
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